A growing concern has been raised about underdiagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in certain groups, with a recent study revealing stark disparities between recorded diagnoses and actual prevalence. The observational study, published in The Lancet Regional Health Europe, suggests that individuals assigned female at birth and those over 50 are significantly less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than expected.
The research, which used primary care data from 2000 to 2025, found that these demographic groups were particularly affected by underdiagnosis. This is in line with previous studies highlighting the challenges of recognising neurodivergence in women and older adults. The study's findings are crucial in understanding why some individuals may be missing out on vital support and diagnosis.
Dr Rachel Moseley, a Principal Academic in Psychology at Bournemouth University, commented that the research provides a robust counter-narrative to recent media concerns about rising ADHD diagnoses. She stressed that the increase in people seeking diagnosis is likely due to a growing recognition of the need for diagnosis to access vital support systems.
The expert reaction highlights the devastating consequences of undiagnosed ADHD, including increased risk of mental health conditions, addiction, and individuals not in education, employment, or training (NEET). Dr Moseley referenced reports from the UK's Independent ADHD Taskforce, highlighting the societal cost implications of underdiagnosis. She concluded that diagnosis is now widely acknowledged to be life-changing, and in some cases, life-saving, particularly in areas like suicide prevention.
The study was published in The Lancet Regional Health Europe on Monday, 15th June 2026, and is a crucial step towards recognising and supporting those who are struggling with ADHD. The findings are peer-reviewed and contribute significantly to the understanding of ADHD diagnosis trends in the UK.