The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has updated its guidance on the avian influenza (bird flu) situation across England, urging bird keepers and the public to remain vigilant. While the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain has been present in the UK for some time, ongoing surveillance is crucial to manage outbreaks and minimise risks to poultry and human health.
Bird keepers, regardless of the size of their flock, are being reminded of the importance of maintaining stringent biosecurity measures. This includes regularly cleaning and disinfecting footwear and equipment, limiting access for non-essential personnel, and preventing contact between their birds and wild birds. Any sudden increase in bird deaths, a drop in egg production, or birds showing signs of respiratory distress or lethargy should be reported immediately to the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA).
For the general public, the advice remains consistent: avoid touching sick or dead wild birds. If a dead wild bird is found, especially waterfowl (swans, geese, ducks) or gulls, or five or more dead wild birds of any species in the same location, it should be reported to Defra's helpline. While the risk to human health from avian influenza is generally considered very low, these precautions are vital to prevent potential transmission.
Defra's strategy involves a combination of surveillance, biosecurity advice, and culling of infected flocks where necessary to contain outbreaks. This approach aims to protect the UK's poultry industry, which contributes significantly to the national economy and food supply. The government has previously implemented Avian Influenza Prevention Zones (AIPZs) across the country, requiring all bird keepers to follow strict biosecurity measures.
The ongoing presence of avian influenza poses a continuous challenge for farmers and animal health authorities. The virus, which is carried by wild migratory birds, can spread rapidly once introduced into domestic flocks. The government continues to work closely with veterinary experts and industry stakeholders to refine its response and support those affected by outbreaks.