As Ramadan approaches, Diabetes UK has issued urgent guidance for the 4.3 million people living with diabetes in the UK who may be considering fasting during this month of spiritual reflection and self-discipline. The charity warns that without proper planning and precautions, fasting can put individuals with diabetes at risk of severe complications.
Fasting during Ramadan poses significant health challenges for those with diabetes. Severe hypoglycaemia (dangerously low blood sugar), hyperglycaemia (dangerously high blood sugar), dehydration, and diabetic ketoacidosis – a potentially life-threatening complication – are all possible risks. A thorough medical assessment can help determine whether fasting is suitable and what steps need to be taken to stay safe.
Diabetes UK's guidance highlights several key considerations for individuals with diabetes who wish to fast during Ramadan. It's essential to discuss any necessary adjustments to medication schedules or dosages with your GP or diabetes nurse, as well as plan your diet carefully. At Suhoor (the pre-dawn meal), consume slow-release carbohydrates and avoid sugary or fatty foods at Iftar (the fast-breaking meal). Regular blood glucose monitoring throughout the day is crucial, and it's vital to know the signs of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia so you can break your fast immediately if needed.
Some groups are advised against fasting due to increased health risks. These include pregnant women with diabetes, individuals undergoing dialysis, those with poorly controlled diabetes, or people who have recently experienced severe hypoglycaemia. Importantly, Islamic teachings allow for exemptions from fasting for those whose health would be put in danger, enabling them to make up the fast later or offer fidya (a charitable donation).
Diabetes UK's advice aligns with best practices for managing diabetes during periods of altered eating patterns. It underscores the importance of a patient-centred approach, respecting individual needs while prioritising health and safety.