Flu is striking earlier than usual in England, with experts stating that vaccination is the most effective way to reduce its impact. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) reports that while flu levels are currently low, indicators such as positive test rates and GP consultations for influenza-like illness suggest an increase.
Emergency department attendances for influenza-like illness are also above seasonally expected levels. The UKHSA noted that flu activity throughout September has surpassed that of the same period in the previous four winter seasons, with trends rising since August.
Professor Sir Andrew Pollard, director of the Oxford Vaccine Group, advises those at risk due to age or underlying health conditions to get vaccinated as soon as possible. While free vaccines are available for children and higher-risk groups, others may access them through workplaces or privately.
Professor Antonia Ho of the University of Glasgow's Centre for Virus Research highlighted that an early rise in cases could indicate a more intense flu season overall, potentially leading to a longer period of community transmission and higher cumulative case numbers. However, she added that onset timing alone does not determine severity.
UKHSA data suggests the increase in flu is primarily among young people aged 18 to 24, with a mix of H1N1 and H3N2 flu A subtypes circulating. While the H1N1 subtype appears to have drifted slightly from the vaccine strain, Ho stated it is too early to assess the vaccine's effectiveness against this change.