Two individuals who contracted hantavirus three years ago have recounted their terrifying ordeal to the BBC, describing the experience as 'hell on earth'. Both survivors expressed immense gratitude to be alive, highlighting the severe and potentially life-threatening nature of the rare viral infection. While hantavirus is uncommon in the UK, their testimonies serve as a stark reminder of the potential impact of zoonotic diseases.
Hantavirus is a group of viruses carried by rodents, primarily mice and rats. Humans can become infected by inhaling airborne particles from rodent urine, droppings, or saliva, particularly in enclosed spaces. It is not typically spread from person to person. Symptoms can vary significantly, ranging from mild flu-like illness, including fever, muscle aches, and fatigue, to more severe conditions affecting the lungs (Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, HPS) or kidneys (Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, HFRS). Both HPS and HFRS can be fatal.
In the UK, cases of hantavirus are rare, with Public Health England (now the UK Health Security Agency) typically reporting a very small number annually. The most common hantavirus strain found in the UK is the Puumala virus, which usually causes a milder form of HFRS. However, the severity of symptoms can still be considerable, as evidenced by the survivors' accounts. The incubation period can range from a few days to several weeks after exposure.
Preventative measures are crucial in minimising the risk of hantavirus infection. These include effective rodent control in homes and workplaces, particularly in sheds, garages, and other outbuildings. When cleaning areas potentially contaminated by rodent droppings or urine, it is recommended to ventilate the space thoroughly and avoid sweeping, which can aerosolise the virus. Instead, surfaces should be dampened with disinfectant before wiping. Wearing gloves and a mask is also advisable during such cleaning operations.
The experiences shared by the survivors underscore the importance of public awareness regarding rare infections. Anyone experiencing unexplained severe flu-like symptoms, particularly after potential exposure to rodent-infested environments, should seek medical advice promptly. Early diagnosis and supportive care are vital for managing severe hantavirus infections and improving patient outcomes. The NHS provides guidance on identifying and managing various infectious diseases, including those transmitted by animals.
Source: BBC