As the UK basks in a prolonged spell of hot weather, parents and carers are being urged to take extra precautions to protect children from the risks associated with high temperatures. With vulnerable young people particularly susceptible to heat-related illnesses, it's essential to know how to keep them safe during this period.
Dr. Julian Tedman, consultant in paediatric emergency medicine at Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, stresses that hydration is key when it comes to protecting children from the effects of heat. He advises offering children fluids frequently throughout the day, even if they don't ask for a drink, and recommends water as the best choice, with diluted fruit juice or oral rehydration solutions suitable for older children. Furthermore, Dr. Tedman highlights the importance of keeping children out of direct sunlight, especially between 11 am and 3 pm when the sun's rays are strongest, by seeking shade, staying indoors, or using parasols.
Sun protection is also crucial during heatwaves. Dr. Tedman recommends applying a high-factor sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) generously and regularly, even on cloudy days, as UV radiation can still penetrate cloud cover. Additionally, wearing loose-fitting, light-coloured clothing and using wide-brimmed hats can provide extra protection. For babies under six months, it's best to keep them out of direct sunlight altogether.
Parents should be aware of the signs of heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include tiredness, dizziness, headaches, feeling sick, excessive sweating, and pale, clammy skin. If these symptoms appear, move the child to a cool place, give them plenty of fluids, and cool their skin with a sponge or fan. Heatstroke is a more serious condition, characterised by a very high temperature, confusion, seizures, and hot, dry skin. This is a medical emergency, and parents should call 999 immediately if they suspect heatstroke.
Dr. Tedman issues a stark warning about the dangers of leaving children in parked cars, where temperatures can rapidly rise to life-threatening levels even on mild days. He urges parents never to leave children or pets unattended in vehicles.
The NHS advises that young children and babies are particularly susceptible to heat due to their less developed ability to regulate body temperature. During a heatwave, it's essential to ensure children sleep in a cool environment using light bedding and keeping windows open overnight if safe to do so. For any medical concerns, parents should consult their GP or call NHS 111.
Source: Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, NHS