Richard Ravalomanana, Madagascar's former Senate president, has received a 10-year sentence of hard labour. A court in Antananarivo found him guilty of complicity in murder related to the violent suppression of youth-led protests in September and October 2025.
Prosecutors accused Mr Ravalomanana, a retired general and ally of former President Andry Rajoelina, of instructing security forces to use violence against demonstrators. The protests, initially sparked by power and water shortages, evolved into a broader movement against the previous government.
UN figures cited by local media indicate that at least 22 people were killed and more than 100 injured during the unrest. The protests ultimately led to the removal of President Rajoelina and the installation of a new administration.
Mr Ravalomanana denies the allegations and has stated his intention to appeal the verdict. His defence team questioned the evidence linking him directly to the violence, arguing that prosecutors did not provide proof of security officers receiving orders from him.