Millions of women around the world live with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but its effects can become magnified by something as seemingly natural as a menstrual cycle. A groundbreaking UK study, conducted jointly by King's College London and Queen Mary University of London, is shedding light on this under-researched link between hormones and ADHD symptoms in women.
The research involves tracking the cycles and symptom patterns of 50 women with diagnosed ADHD who are currently on medication. Using electronic diaries to record hormonal changes, participants are meticulously logging their experiences – from anxiety and depression to impulsive behaviour. Preliminary observations suggest that many women experience a marked increase in ADHD challenges during specific phases of their cycle, leaving them feeling 'disabled' by their symptoms.
According to Dr Sally Cubbin, a neurodiversity specialist involved in the King's College research, there is a strong connection between hormonal fluctuations and ADHD. She explains that low oestrogen levels – such as those experienced just before menstruation – can negatively affect dopamine levels, leading to intensified ADHD symptoms and difficulties with focus and motivation.
These monthly dips in oestrogen not only affect concentration but also increase impulsivity, which can result in 'dodgy decisions' like binge eating or neglecting contraception. This aligns with the experiences shared by participants such as Layla, a 30-year-old teaching assistant who finds her carefully constructed routines crumbling as her period approaches, leading to increased struggles with overeating and cravings.
The study is particularly timely given the current surge in demand for ADHD assessments in the UK. NHS figures from December 2025 show a 23% rise in stimulant and other ADHD medication prescriptions compared to the previous year, but a government taskforce report in November 2025 highlighted that ADHD remains under-diagnosed and under-treated. This research could be pivotal in understanding the nuanced experience of women with ADHD and potentially optimising their treatment.