A leading expert in education has thrown a bombshell into the debate over the Multiple Intelligences (MI) theory, which underpins teaching methods used by thousands of UK schools. Professor John White, emeritus professor of philosophy of education at the Institute of Education, UCL, has written an essay alleging that Howard Gardner's theory lacks scientific credibility.
Gardner's theory proposes that intelligence comes in different forms, including logico-mathematical, linguistic, musical and spatial abilities. However, Professor White claims these definitions are based more on Gardner's personal opinions than rigorous evidence. He argues that the criteria for defining an intelligence have been 'plucked from the ether'.
The professor also attacks the theory's oversimplification of complex human abilities. For instance, he questions the distinction between intrapersonal and existential intelligences, suggesting they may be too broad or ambiguous to be useful in education.
White further warns that MI theory can lead to misuse in schools. He believes it creates unrealistic expectations about students' capabilities and reinforces damaging stereotypes. The emphasis on 'discovering' one's intelligence can also overlook the importance of effort and learning.