Ovarian cancer is often referred to as a 'silent killer' because it can develop with little to no warning signs in its early stages, making it difficult to detect. However, online advertising campaigns promoting early detection blood tests have sparked concerns among health professionals about the potential implications for women in the UK.
These adverts typically direct individuals to websites offering private testing services, often citing general symptoms such as bloating and pelvic pain. Some companies require a GP referral, while others allow individuals to self-refer. However, it's essential to note that these tests are not suitable for the general population, but rather specifically designed for those with a higher risk of ovarian cancer due to family history or genetic predispositions.
Medical experts have expressed concerns about the accuracy and effectiveness of these tests, citing limited peer-reviewed data on their performance. A study published in 2025 found that one test had a sensitivity of 78.2% (missing one in five actual cases) and a specificity of 94%, which is considered significant for a relatively rare disease like ovarian cancer.
Dr Barry Kramer, a cancer-screening expert, highlighted the potential risks associated with false positives: 'If 100,000 older women were tested, we might detect approximately 23 true cases, but nearly 6,000 women without cancer could receive a positive result. This could lead to considerable fear, psychological distress, and additional medical procedures for those who do not have ovarian cancer.'
The NHS and NICE guidelines in the UK currently advise against routine screening for ovarian cancer in the general population due to the lack of robust evidence demonstrating that such screening improves health outcomes or reduces mortality rates. Instead, women are encouraged to be aware of their symptoms and seek prompt medical advice from a GP if they experience persistent or worsening symptoms.