A growing number of over-60s with undiagnosed autism or ADHD are living without support, according to estimates suggesting between 89% and 97% remain unidentified. Experts describe this generation as a "neglected group" who are missing out on vital recognition and assistance.
While neurodiversity awareness has increased in recent years, benefiting children in schools and middle-aged individuals seeking diagnoses, older adults have largely been overlooked. This creates challenges for adult children who may be noticing signs of autism or ADHD in their elderly parents and need guidance to support them effectively.
The transition into later life can bring significant changes that reveal or exacerbate neurodivergent traits. For autistic individuals, retirement can disrupt the carefully constructed routines that help manage daily life, leading to feelings of destabilisation. According to Dr Louise Rutter's report for the British Psychological Society, factors such as loneliness, bereavement, and health changes can intersect with autism features, making them more apparent.
When considering whether an older parent might be neurodivergent, experts advise looking beyond perceived characteristics to assess if these traits are causing significant distress or difficulties. Dr Gavin Stewart of King's College London's ReSpect Lab clarifies that it's not just about having a routine; the level of distress caused by disrupting it is crucial.
These traits may become more pronounced with age as the capacity to "mask" diminishes. Dr Georgia Pavlopoulou, director of Autism Central at Anna Freud, explains that decades of masking can lead to increased stress, rigidity, sensitivity, and forgetfulness later in life. Some individuals may still be masking, making diagnosis challenging.
Experts advocate for seeking a diagnosis even for those in their 80s, citing the benefits of initiating self-reflection and understanding across an individual's lifespan. Dr Neil Drew suggests that addressing potential depression caused by dopamine reduction during retirement is also crucial for individuals with ADHD. Clinical psychologists stress the importance of assessing the impact of neurodivergent traits on daily life when considering diagnosis.
As adult children seek guidance to support their elderly parents, experts emphasize the need to approach these situations with empathy and understanding rather than concern or worry. While challenges arise, seeking a diagnosis can initiate a profound process of self-discovery and improvement in later years.