Heart disease claims thousands of lives each year in the UK, and a new study suggests that cutting ultra-processed foods from our diets could be a crucial step towards reducing these numbers. Ultra-processed foods – think ready meals, breakfast cereals, protein bars, fizzy drinks, and fast food – are now a staple for many, making up more than half of the average person's diet in both the UK and US.
The study, conducted by researchers at Montreal University, used data from Canada to model the potential impact of reducing ultra-processed foods on heart disease cases and deaths. Their estimates suggest that between 23% and 37% of heart disease cases could be linked to UPF consumption, while a similar number (23% to 38%) of heart disease deaths may also be preventable through diet change. While these figures are based on Canadian data, the researchers believe that similar trends could be seen in other high-income countries, including the UK.
It's not just about individual choice; ultra-processed foods dominate the food environment in many parts of Canada, making excessive consumption an unintentional consequence of readily available options. The researchers are calling for comprehensive measures to drive meaningful change, beyond simply educating individuals or reformulating products. They advocate for policies such as taxes on unhealthy foods, clear labelling, restrictions on marketing, and targets for improving the nutritional quality of food.
NHS England's guidance on a healthy diet recommends limiting ultra-processed foods in favour of whole, unprocessed meals made from ingredients like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. By adopting these habits, individuals can play their part in reducing heart disease risk and making a significant impact on public health.
While some experts have raised concerns about the detailed estimates presented by this study, it's clear that there is growing evidence linking ultra-processed foods to adverse health effects – including an increased risk of heart disease. The UK government has already pledged to review food labelling laws in response to similar research; now it's time for action.