The UK Government's announcement to issue a comprehensive apology to those affected by historic forced adoption practices in England marks a significant shift in its stance, ending years of resistance to formally acknowledging past injustices. Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson described the period as “shameful”, stating that the Prime Minister will address the matter further and assure those impacted that they deserve an apology.
Estimates suggest up to 185,000 babies were removed from unmarried mothers in England and Wales between 1949 and 1976, often under societal pressure surrounding pregnancies outside of marriage. Religious organisations, charities, and local authorities played a role in arranging and funding mother and baby homes, further compounding the issue.
The Education Select Committee had previously advocated for a formal and public apology, citing its importance in correcting historical records and alleviating the burdens carried by many mothers and adoptees. Chair Helen Hayes reflected on the profound trauma caused, stating that hearing survivor testimonies was “one of the most moving days” she experienced in Parliament.
The UK Government's decision follows a 2022 recommendation from the Joint Committee on Human Rights to apologise to unmarried women who were “railroaded” into unwanted adoptions. While the then-Conservative government expressed sorrow at the time, it had resisted a formal state apology until now.
Other parts of the UK and international governments have taken similar steps. The Welsh and Scottish governments formally apologised for forced adoption practices in 2023, while Ireland and Australia introduced financial compensation schemes alongside their apologies for coerced child removals. The head of the Catholic Church in England and Wales issued an apology in 2016.