Northern Ireland has seen an alarming rise in mpox cases, with the Public Health Agency (PHA) confirming 21 new infections over just three weeks in June this year. The surge marks a significant increase – nearly triple the number of cases recorded between 2023 and early 2026 when just nine individuals were affected. This sudden uptick is mirrored across wider Europe and the UK, suggesting a broader trend at play. Dr Rachel Coyle, a consultant in health protection at the PHA, notes that there had been no mpox cases in Northern Ireland prior to June this year.
The strain of mpox currently circulating in Northern Ireland is Clade Ib, distinct from the Clade II variant responsible for the initial global outbreak in 2022. The 21 recent cases represent the first detection of Clade Ib in the region and come as a stark reminder that mpox remains a relevant concern.
Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is caused by a virus related to smallpox but typically causes milder symptoms than its more severe relative. Early signs often include fever, headaches, swellings, back pain, and aching muscles. A distinctive blistering rash can then develop, usually beginning on the face or genitals before spreading.
The PHA is urging those eligible for vaccination to come forward for their jab as soon as possible. This includes gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men who engage in high-risk behaviours such as having multiple sexual partners, participating in group sex, or frequenting sex-on-premises venues. As summer travel increases, getting vaccinated is more important than ever to prevent further transmission.
The PHA advises anyone experiencing symptoms to avoid close contact and abstain from sexual activity to help contain the outbreak. Vaccination is key to preventing mpox – and it's available at sexual health clinics across Northern Ireland for those who need it.