Officials in the UK have explored whether taking part in programmes involving libido-suppressing drugs could be made a condition of a parole licence for some sex offenders. This approach is similar to a scheme in California.
Prof Belinda Winder, a forensic psychologist, stated that for some prisoners with problematic sexual arousal (PSA), "images of sex flood their minds" constantly. She recounted one individual who, after starting medication, was able to follow a film plot without being preoccupied by sexual imagery.
Drugs used in the UK for PSA include antidepressants, which help control obsessive urges, and anti-androgens, which lower testosterone levels. These treatments are typically taken as pills. However, they are not suitable for all offenders, such as those primarily motivated by anger or who struggle to moderate behaviour while using alcohol or drugs.
Ethical dilemmas remain regarding whether parole should be granted based on taking a potentially life-changing drug. Prof Winder noted that parole board decisions involve many factors, not solely medication adherence. She also highlighted the importance of training for staff to understand the effects of such medication on behaviour.
Side effects of anti-androgens can be severe, including fatigue, hot flushes, muscle loss, mood changes, weight gain, and a loss of bone density. Experts acknowledge that the medication is not a cure and does not change underlying behaviours, with some programmes experiencing high drop-out rates.